What is the CAGE Questionnaire?

The CAGE questionnaire is a widely used 4-item screening tool for identifying individuals who may have alcohol use disorders. The acronym CAGE refers to the four key areas assessed: Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, and Eye-opener.

Who developed it and when?

Developed by John Ewing in 1984, the CAGE has become one of the most widely used alcohol screening instruments in healthcare settings worldwide.

What type of assessment is it?

Brief self-report or clinician-administered screening questionnaire using yes/no responses.

What does it assess?

• Cut down: Attempts to reduce drinking
• Annoyed: Irritation when others criticize drinking
• Guilty: Guilt about drinking behavior
• Eye-opener: Drinking in the morning to steady nerves

How many items and what format?

4 items with simple yes/no responses.

How is it scored?

Each "yes" response scores 1 point. Scores range from 0-4, with 2 or more positive responses suggesting possible alcohol use disorder.